Want to upskill yourself in Microservices to get ahead in Career? Get your dream job by preparing for the interview! Read on to get some of the commonly asked microservices interview questions and their answers.
According to Gartner and several other research, microservices are the new cloud application development platform. These are independently deployed and managed. Further, these are implemented inside containers and have very little interaction with the underlying OS.
Because of its advantages, many big and small companies are adopting microservices and hence professionals who are proficient in this approach are in a lot of demand.
So, if you want to are planning to start your career in the Microservices, now is the right time to dive in. Hence, to help you prepare for your interviews, we have come up with Microservices Interview Questions and Answers.
Check them out.
Microservices Interview Questions
What do you understand by the term “Microservices architectures”?
It is an architectural development style that allows you to build an application as a collection of small services. These services are executed autonomously.
What do you know about the working of a microservice architecture?
In a microservice environment, an application is broken into multiple modules with the aim to perform tasks independently.
- An application is fragmented into loosely coupled modules. These chunks perform a specific function.
- These fragments are distributed across clouds and data centres.
- Modules are implemented as an independent service. Further, these can be updated, replaced, or deleted without affecting other applications.
What is semantic monitoring in Microservices architecture?
Also known as synthetic monitoring, it is the union of automated tests and application monitoring. It helps to detect business failing factors.
What is Conway’s law?
According to Mel Conway, “Any organization that designs a system will produce a design whose structure is a copy of the organization’s communication structure.”
This means, for a software module to functions, good communication between the entire team is crucial. Hence, the structure of a system is a reflection of the social limitations of the organization that produced it.
What is End-to-End Microservices Testing?
This type of testing confirms that every process is properly functioning. End to End testing ensures that the complete system works together and fulfil all requirements.
In which cases microservice architecture is best suited?
One can use microservice architecture for web, desktop, mobile devices, Wearable, Smart TVs, etc.
Spring Boot Microservices Interview Questions
Check out some common questions related to Spring Boot Microservices.
What is Spring Boot?
With the addition of complex functionalities, spring has become even more complex. In order to start a new spring project, developers are required to add build-path or maven dependencies, configure application server, and add spring configuration. This means that everything has to be done from scratch.
To resolve this problem, spring boot is used. It allows you to eliminate all the boilerplate code and configurations. It is like baking a cake wherein spring is the ingredients required to bake the cake and the spring boot is an already baked cake.
What is Spring Cloud?
Spring Cloud offers development tools to build some of the common patterns quickly in distributed systems. These include configuration management, circuit breakers, service discovery, leadership election, cluster state, intelligent routing, distributed sessions, and more.
What will you do to configure Spring Boot Application Login?
It can be configured by defining the ‘logging.level’ in your application. It is usually pre-configured as the console output.
Microservices Architecture Interview Questions
Need some more interview questions on microservices?? Continue to read…
What are the common challenges developer face during Implementation of Microservices Architecture?
Microservices are complex automating components and are very small. You have to follow multiple stages for each component – Build, Deploy, and Monitor. The complexity increases when you are required to deploy a large number of components together. It becomes difficult to deploy and maintain them altogether.
Here, developers need to be extra careful when working with a large application. It is really challenging to maintain configuration across multiple environments and identify bugs.
How can you access RESTful Microservices?
In the case of microservice architecture, each microservice must have an interface. To build an interface between various components of microservices architecture, you can use RESTful APIs. These offer the most logical model for building interfaces according to the principle of open networking of the Web. You can access Rest APIs in two ways:
- By using REST Template, which is load balanced.
- By using multiple microservices.
What are Client certificates?
These are digital certificates used to make authenticated requests to a remote server. A client certificate plays a significant role in authentication designs that are mutual by nature. These also offer strong assurance of the requester’s identity. But, it’s important to have a fully configured back-end service in order to authenticate your client certificate.
What do you think are the cons of Microservice Architectures?
- Increase delays due to remote calls.
- Increases troubleshooting challenges.
- Causes difficulty in managing the configuration options.
- Makes it difficult to maintain transaction safety.
- Coding is complex with multiple microservices.
- Hard to trach data across different boundaries.
How Can You Set Up Service Discovery?
While there are multiple ways to establish service discovery. I will prefer Eureka by Netflix as I think it is the most efficient way. Eureka is a hassle-free procedure and doesn’t weigh much on the application. Also, it supports many types of web applications.
This type of configuration involves two steps – client configuration and server configuration. You can perform client configuration using the property files easily. In the ‘classpath’, it looks for the ‘eureka-client.properties file’. Eureka also searches the property files for overrides caused by the environment.
In the case of server configuration, the clients should be configured first. After that, the server fires up a client to find other servers. By default, the Eureka server uses the Client configuration to find the peer servers.
What are RESTful web services?
Representation State Transfer web services or RESTful web services or can be defined as the architectural style computer systems that help in communicating over the internet. These web services make it easy to understand and implement Microservices.
Microservices In Java Interview Questions
What is the significance of Reports and Dashboards in Microservice Architectures?
Reports and dashboards are primarily used to monitor and maintain microservices using several tools. Reports and dashboards can be used to:
- Find services that are affected by changes in any component.
- Determine which microservices are exposed to which resources.
- Offer an easy point that can be accessed whenever documentation is required.
- Obtain a sense of maturity and compliance from the components.
- Determine versions of the deployed components.
What is a domain driven design?
It focuses more on core domain logic and helps identify complex designs on domain models. A domain driven design can collaborate with domain experts constantly. This further helps improve the domain model and resolve related issues.
What is the use of PACT in Microservices architecture?
It is a code-first consumer-driven, open-source testing tool. PACT allows testing interactions between service providers and consumers in isolation against the contract made. It allows ensuring that the reliability of Microservices integration is increased.
PACT is used in Microservices to
- Implement Consumer Driven Contract.
- Tests consumer-driven contracts between provider and consumer of a Microservice.
Microservices Advanced Interview Questions
Why are containers used in microservices?
Containers help in directing microservice-based applications efficiently. It is easy to upgrade and manage containers individually. Containers like Docker also allow developers to encapsulate microservices in a container image along with its dependencies.
What is cross-functional testing? -h3
This type of testing is a confirmation of non-functional supplies. These are supplies, which cannot be implemented like a usual feature.
Explain OAuth?
An open authorization protocol or Oath allows client applications on HTTP to communicate with various third-party providers like GitHub, Facebook, etc. Oath also helps you to share resources between multiple sites without the need for their credentials.
What are the features of API Gateway?
- Path Rewriting
- Spring Cloud Discovery Client integration
- Hystrix Circuit Breaker addition for resiliency
- Request Rate Limiting
What is a bounded context?
It is a middle pattern in Domain-Driven Design. Bounded context is the centre of DDD’s planned design section. DDD handles big models by separating them into different bounded contexts and communicating about their inter-relationships openly.
Interview Questions on Microservices For Experienced
What problems can be solved with the Spring Cloud?
With Spring Cloud, you can fix issues including:
- Reduces the complexity of distributed systems.
- Able to handle service delivery.
- Helps manage load balancing.
- Solve redundancy issues
- Reduces performance issues.
Explain reactive extensions in microservices?
Also known as Rx, these are plan patterns allowing collecting results by calling multiple services. It then compiles a joint response. It is a popular tool in dispersed systems that precisely works in contradiction to legacy flows.
What is the role of an Actuator in Spring Boot?
An actuator is one of the most important features that aids in accessing the existing state of an application running in a production environment. Several metrics can be used to check the present state. Actuators also offer endpoints for RESTful web services. These can be used to check other metrics.
How can you remove non-determinism in tests?
NDT or Non-Deterministic Tests are generally unreliable tests. While sometimes these may pass, many times NDTs fail too. And when they fail, they are re-run until they Spass.
Several ways to remove non-determinism from tests are:
- Quarantine
- Remote Services
- Asynchronous
- Resource leaks
- Time
Microservice Interview Questions And Answers
What is Canary Releasing?
Canary Releasing is a technique to reduce the risk of introducing a new software version in production. This is done by slowly rolling out the change to a small subset of users before giving it out to the entire infrastructure, i.e. making it available to everybody.
How to Configure Spring Boot Application Logging?
When it comes to Spring Boot, you get additional support for Log4J2, Logback, and Java Util Logging. Usually, it is pre-configured as a console output and can be configured by specifying logging.level only in the application.properties file as:
logging.level.spring.framework=Debug
Microservices Interview Questions And Answers
How does the security testing of Microservices is performed?
In order to answer this question, you must first explain the interviewer that you cannot test microservices as a whole. Instead, you can test them independently. TO do this, you can follow any of the 3 methods:
Code scanning – Ensures that any line of code is bug-free and can be replicated.
Adaptability – Implement and update flexible security protocols to cope up with the new threats by security breaches or hackers.
Flexibility – The security solution should be flexible to be able to adjust according to the system requirements.
What is Wiremock?
It is a type of stimulator for API based on HTTP. It helps you stay productive when an API (that you depend on) either doesn’t exist or is incomplete.
What are Microservices in Java?
These are one of the most crucial methods for Java developers. This is a type of service-oriented architecture in which applications are built as a collection of different smaller services and not as one whole application.
AWS Microservices Interview Questions
What are Microservices in AWS?
AWS Microservices is an organizational and architectural approach to software development. Here, software or an application is composed of small independent services that communicate through messengers called APIs. Microservices are managed by small, self-contained teams.
Which AWS services can be used to build a dynamic DNS Microservice?
AWS Lambda as it allows you to run Java, Python, or Node. js code. And you don’t need to manage the underlying server.
We hope these Microservices Interview Questions will help you in cracking your upcoming interview. You can also contact us if you have any questions, which you might face in your Microservices interview.
And if you need professional training in various technologies, feel free to contact IQ Stream Support @ https://www.iqstreamtech.com/contact-us/
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